Researchers discover how oral bacteria infection, common diseases are connected

Washington [US], November 24 (ANI): The bacteria most frequently seen in severe mouth infections have been identified by researchers at Sweden's Karolinska Institutet.

There haven't been many studies of this kind, so the team is hoping that this one may shed further light on the relationship between mouth bacteria and other disorders.

The study is published in Microbiology Spectrum.

Previous studies have demonstrated clear links between oral health and common diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. However, there have been few longitudinal studies identifying which bacteria occur in infected oral- and maxillofacial regions. Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have now analysed samples collected between 2010 and 2020 at the Karolinska University Hospital in Sweden from patients with severe oral infections and produced a list of the most common bacteria.

This was a collaborative study that was performed by Professor Margaret Sallberg Chen and adjunct Professor Volkan Ozenci's research groups.

"We're reporting here, for the first time, the microbial composition of bacterial infections from samples collected over a ten-year period in Stockholm County," says Professor Sallberg Chen of the Department of Dental Medicine at Karolinska Institutet. "The results show that several bacterial infections with link to systemic diseases are constantly present and some have even increased over the past decade in Stockholm."

A role in other diseases

The study shows that the most common bacterial phyla amongst the samples were Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, while the most common genera were Streptococcus spp, Prevotella spp, and Staphylococcus spp.

"Our results provide new insight into the diversity and prevalence of harmful microbes in oral infections," says Professor Sallberg Chen. "The finding isn't only of importance to dental medicine, it also helps us understand the role of dental infection in patients with underlying diseases. If a certain bacterium infects and causes damage in the mouth, it's very likely that it can be harmful to tissues elsewhere in the body as the infection spreads."

The research group has previously shown that the occurrence of oral bacteria in the pancreas reflects the severity of pancreatic tumours.

Useful method in dental care

The study was conducted using 1,014 samples from as many patients, of whom 469 were women and 545 men, and a mass-spectrometric method called MALDI-TOF that rapidly identifies individual living bacteria in a sample, but that is rarely used in dental care.

"Our study was a single centre epidemiology study and to ensure the validity of the results we need to make more and larger studies," says Volkan Ozenci at the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet. "We now hope that dentists will collaborate with clinical microbiology laboratories more to gain a better understanding of the bacteria that cause dental infections, to improve diagnostics and therapeutic management of oral infections."

The study is part of Khaled Al-Manei's doctoral thesis, the next step of which is a similar epidemiological study of fungal infections in the mouth that aims to identify new fungi and microbes and understand what causes their possible malignancy. (ANI)

Source: Health